Local roots for our national values

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For the past 20 years I have lived in Williamsburg, Virginia, home to Colonial Williamsburg. An excellent time to visit CW (as locals call it) is January and February, especially Super Bowl weekend. It seems that weekend there fewer visitors than any other. The CW interpreters are able to give their few visitors a good deal of attention and take the time to answer questions. I took advantage of the Super Bowl weekend lull to spend a day in CW. In one building I an another visitor enjoyed a leisurely, private presentation.

In the course of the day I became reacquainted with the Bill of Rights and the Constitution of Virginia, adopted in Williamsburg June 12, 1776 and June 29, 1776 respectively. That Bill of Rights, a powerful precursor to the U.S. Bill of Rights, articulated our valued, deeply held intellectual freedom principles. Its 12th item states:

That the freedom of the press is one of the great bulwarks of liberty, and can never be restrained but by despotic governments.

And its 16th and last states, in part:

That religion, or the duty which we owe to our Creator, and the manner of discharging it, can be directed only by reason and conviction, not by force or violence, and therefore all men are equally entitled to the free exercise of religion, according to the dictates of conscience…

Just as New Yorkers proverbially take the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island for granted and neglect the opportunity to visit them and learn, Williamsburg residents take CW for granted and neglect the opportunity to visit and learn. It is good to be reminded of the provenance of our ideas, especially when they lie so close by.

Cleanse libraries of books containing errors of fact!

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The August 1 Chronicle of Higher Education reported that “Cambridge University Press announced this week that it would pulp all unsold copies of the 2006 book Alms for Jihad: Charity and Terrorism in the Islamic World, in response to a libel claim filed in England by Khalid bin Mahfouz, a Saudi banker. The book suggests that businesses and charities associated with Mr. Mahfouz financed terrorism in Sudan and elsewhere during the 1990s.” CUP also “also promised to contact university libraries worldwide and ask them to remove the book from their shelves.”

OCLC shows that approximately 325 libraries report owning a copy of the book. OCLC also includes records for electronic versions from Overdrive and NetLibrary. One wonders how successful CUP's recall effort will be and hopes it will be an abysmal failure. This incident hasn't generated so much interest that copies are being offered for sale on eBay.

The business decision is not as interesting as its implications for library collections. The gist of the issue is Mahfouz's complaint that the book makes false statements about him. Assume for the sake of argument that this is indeed true. It then follows that any book which contains erroneous statements should be recalled by its publisher and all copies destroyed. Talk about a slippery slope! This would mean the end of presidential candidate autobiographies, to say nothing of a good many books on innumerable topics including dinosaurs and contemporary global climate change. (This gets really tricky since there are certainly two mutually exclusive bodies of fact about global warming.)

In the absence of threatening lawsuits, who would judge which books should be removed from libraries? That question alone proves the folly of CUP's decision. Let us hope it does not become a guiding principle for editorial decisions.

The Higher Power of Lucky

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Early today I finished reading Susan Patron's The Higher Power of Lucky (Atheneum Books for Young Readers, 2006), Newbery Award winner and the center of a silly controversy–so silly and so well known that I won't rehash it here. Lucky is a 10-year-old girl who shows curiosity, imagination, grit, pluck, vulnerability, and love. Her life in Hard Pan, population 43, in the California desert may seem small compared to the life of an urban child her age, but Lucky doesn't see it that way. In a town with a Cannery Row sort of cast of characters Lucky appreciates each one's quirks while oblivious to her own. She always, but always carries her survival backpack. This would seem odd if she had not lost her mother two years earlier when her mother stepped on a downed power line and was electrocuted and if her father's only contact with her since her birth has been through paltry monthly support checks. She has good reason to feel threatened by the world.

Suffice it to say that this subtly plotted book whose characters win our sympathy is indeed worthy of the Newbery. After reading it one thinks only of them, not of a word that some–many of whom have probably not read the book–have erroneously made the book's focal point. I recommend you read it. You can't help but enjoy it.


Protecting children

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Wednesday afternoon in Westwood Village near the UCLA campus I picked up a copy of The Onion, that delightful satirical newspaper founded in Madison, Wisconsin nearly twenty years ago. A headline on the front page grabbed my attention: “Child-Safety Experts Call For Restrictions On Childhood Imagination.”

I immediately connected this to the scorched earth legislative proposals intended to protect children from Internet predators by radically restricting youngsters' access to social networking Web sites. Stifling creative young imaginations isn't the intent of these laws, but that would be their collateral damage to kids. This tongue-in-cheek Onion article advises parents to educate their children about the hazards of exercising their young imaginations. So, like the best satire, it offers a kernel of truth. The danger is not in the childrens' imaginations but in the twisted misrepresentations of online predators. And that is something parents should educate their children about.

And speaking of protecting children from their imaginations–nothing can stimulate anyone's imagination, regardless of age, as much as a good book. Maybe that is the real motive behind the controversy about Susan Patron's Newbery Award-winning book, The Higher Power of Lucky. Perhaps concern expressed about the presence of the word “scrotum” in the book is merely a fig leaf covering its critics' true concern. If they can keep the book out of kids' hands, the book cannot stimulate kids' imaginations. So, if the kids hear about the controversy, that will stimulate their imaginations and curiosity about “that word,” a word that to Lucky, the book's young main character, sounds “like something green that comes up when you have the flu and cough too much.” Wouldn't it be fascinating to find out what it sounds like to kids who don't have the opportunity to enjoy the book? Lucky herself “could never ask about the story of Roy, since she had overheard it. If she asked about Roy, then he [Short Sammy] would know she had been eavesdropping at the anonymous twelve-step meetings” alcoholics, gamblers, overeaters, and smokers held on different days on the patio of the Found Object and Wind Chime Museum and Visitor Center in Hard Pan, California. Surely some kids have overheard adults discussing the controversy and heard “that word” said in a way that has inspired them to come up with their own ideas about what it means. But were they to ask what the word means, they would out themselves as eavesdroppers.

Hard Pan's Found Object and Wind Chime Museum and Visitor Center, mentioned in the book's second sentence, should be enough to stimulate any reader's imagination and make him/her eager to read on. Of course, then the reader will encounter “that word” in the second paragraph and would want to read on to find out how Roy, Short Sammy's dog, fared after being bitten by a snake. (Roy vanquishes the attacker and Short Sammy's wife gets him to the vet in time to save him.) The Onion may be on to something–maybe childhood imagination can be dangerous!

I have read only the first chapter of The Higher Power of Lucky and am looking forward to getting to know Lucky, the colorful characters of Hard Pan, why Lucky has a French guardian named Brigette, and more.

Naive proposed legislation

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American Libraries Online reported on Wednesday, February 21:

Legislators in Illinois, Georgia, and North Carolina have drafted bills that would restrict access by children and teens to such websites as MySpace and Facebook, while the U.S. Senate is again considering a law that jeopardizes e-rate funding for libraries that do not limit minors’ use of social networking sites.

Please read the full AL report for information about the proposed laws' similarities and differences. All have in common a narrow understanding of the range and uses of social networking Websites. All focus on the exceptions (i.e., predatory child molesters), not the norm for how these networks are used in practice. All offer concerned parents and others false assurance that they will protect their children.

School teachers and librarians do not support child molestation. We do support access to information for adults and children. We also support parents' prerogatives to decide which television shows, music, Web sites, books, etc., they think their children should experience and which they should not experience. I am very conservative on this issue. I believe parents, not ham-handed laws that throw the baby out with the bath, should make these decisions for their children and for their children only. That is how my wife and I raised our children.

But, but! some will say–what about the times that a parent can't be looking over their child's shoulder to make sure that they aren't viewing a verboten Web site? Surveillance works when it is possible to sustain it, but it misses an opportunity every parent ought to embrace. That is the opportunity to educate their children about the risk that some they meet in chat rooms or other interactive Web venues will be spoofing their age and interests and that, because these individuals could hurt them, their children should avoid them. They also need to be taught what personal information they can share and what information they should bever share. Such education will serve their children well as they explore the electronic realm independently. Parents have a responsibility here that they should not abdicate by outsourcing that responsibility to bad legislation that will deprive their children of legitimate online learning and entertainment opportunities. For some years now we have heard how important it is to free enterprise and a strong economy to keep government out of business. Yet some laissez-faire advocates are willing to force government to intrude on the parent-child relationship.

It is unfortunate that as long as politicians think they can make political hay by painting one-sided views of the Internet, they will probably keep introducing legislation that in the name of safety throttles families' options and usurps their responsibilities. Children get hurt on playgrounds. They get hurt in competitive sports. We can keep them safe by closing all playgrounds and suspending all athletic competitions. But they would lose so much in their lives. No politician would propose these extreme measures to keep children safe. Nor should they be proposing the extreme measures in these proposed laws.

Hasan Elahi's "media ankle bracelet"

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Hasan Elahi, a professor in the Department of Visual Art at Rutgers University, recently visited the University of Richmond and gave a fascinating, thought-provoking presentation. As his academic affiliation suggests, he is a visual artist. But he is also a performance artist. And, one can say, he has transformed his life into an unfolding serial work of art.

Sometime post-9/11 the FBI turned its attention to Elahi, apparently because he had rented a storage space in Florida and because, he surmises, his name may have seemed “Middle Eastern” to the FBI. He underwent a series of interrogations with FBI agents until they concluded that he posed no threat to national security. This experience inspired his ongoing life art project. It doesn't threaten, but it certainly challenges assumptions we make about our personal security and how it relates to privacy.

As the FBI investigated him and sought more and more information about him, he in effect co-opted their work (but not until after they informed him he was cleared). He has not installed a Web cam in his bedroom; but he has made his life even more visible to any and all on his Web site through his “tracking transience” project.

Its most obvious feature is an aerial view festooned with a blinking red arrow pointing at his current location. It was a bit eerie to see this red arrow blinking above and pointing at the building in which we were sitting and listening to him. Little wonder some of his friends insist on seeing him at his place rather than in their homes. (This afternoon, by the way, he is southeast of Williamsport, PA.) Elahi also offers photos of the airline meals he has been served. (He does a lot of long-distance international travel, perhaps another thing that the FBI considered suspicious. They still serve meals on those flights!) His itemized credit card statements are on his Web site. And more–all absolutely voluntarily!

When you use a debit or credit card, when you use your cell phone, when you use a hotel rewards program card or a frequent flyer program card, when you use your grocery store discount card, you leave a digital trail of evidence about yourself. Elahi has consolidated much of this information about himself, just as the FBI undoubtedly did. But he has made it public. He refers to it as his “media ankle bracelet.”

Elahi says that if all of us made all of this individual information freely available, there would be no need for government surveillance. That is a paradox I haven't quite comprehended yet.

I asked him what would happen if he suddenly quit posting this detailed record about himself. He said it would probably be a sign that he had been spirited off to Guantanamo. By maintaining his media ankle bracelet, he affirms his freedom and assures friends and family that he is wherever the bracelet says he is.

Like any complex work of art, I don't know what to make of Elahi's media ankle bracelet. I know I am not ready to join him in shackling myself in that way. Nor am I sure about what it all means other than that it is a needed and brave protest against groundless suspicion and intrusiveness by government.

Wikipedia in China

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This morning the Chronicle of Higher Education's educational technology blog, The Wired Campus, reports that China has stopped blocking access to the Chinese-language Wikipedia. This could be an interesting test of its open editing model. Will government employees go in and edit articles to reflect the government's interpretation of events, movements, individuals, and ideas? If so, will others edit those? If this scenario plays out, will all of the editors do their work anonymously? This could be an interesting test of the theory that the knowledge and wisdom of the many will present human knowledge accurately and completely.

Listen to the Connecticut "john Doe" librarians

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The Campaign for Reader Privacy has made available a streaming audio file of the September 28 National Press Club program that included Barbara Bailey, George Christian, Peter Chase, and Janet Nocek, the four “John Doe” librarians from Connecticut. They took a valiant stand for the freedom to read and they prevailed!

John Doe Connecticut Librarians Speak!

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Protecting Privacy, Challenging Secrecy, and Standing Up for the First Amendment

In the face of a government increasingly intruding into our private lives while it hides its own actions behind a veil of secrecy, courageous individuals are taking a stand. Come and hear some of their stories!

WHAT: Forum on Protecting Privacy, Challenging Secrecy, and Standing Up for the First Amendment

WHO: ABC News Reporters Brian Ross, Richard Esposito, Journalist/Author Mark Feldstein, New York Times reporter James Risen, John Doe Connecticut Librarians

WHERE: The National Press Club First Amendment Lounge 529 14th Street, NW Washington, DC

WHEN: Thursday, September 28, 200612:00 p.m-2:00 p.m.

The Campaign for Reader Privacy–a joint initiative of The American Library Association, the American Booksellers Association, the Association of American Publishers, and PEN American–presents this program in celebration of the 25th observance of Banned Books Week, an annual reminder that we can never take our freedom to read for granted.