Science abandons JSTOR

publishing industry No Comments

Several months ago Nature dramatically hiked its price for academic library consortia. It was a case of robbery. Nature had already forced consortia to empty their wallets to meet one price increase. Not content with that, Nature the demanded that those libraries turn over their ATM card, lead them to the money machine, and surrender their PIN so Nature could take everything to meet the subsequent increase. Nature may score some short-term financial gain through this approach. But it is clear that the losers will be the members of the academic community.

Now Science has shown similar disregard for the good of the academic community and the advancement and dissemination of scientific knowledge. It is severing its relationship with JSTOR I imagine that in the months ahead Science will offer subscribers a “special offer” to license its online backfiles. Perhaps Nature and Science have the strength to flex their publishing muscles and bully libraries. Other journals and publishers, fortunately, don’t have the same cachet. That does not mean, however, that they won’t follow the Nature and Science bad examples.

Below is a large excerpt from the announcement that Michael Spinella, JSTOR’s executive director, sent out on July 20, 2007:


Dear JSTOR participants and other respected colleagues - I am writing to make you aware that, after a very productive association of nearly 10 years, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has decided to discontinue its relationship with JSTOR, effective December 31, 2007. The AAAS and JSTOR began working together in 1998 to include Science and Scientific Monthly, a related title that has ceased publication, in the JSTOR archive. During this time, access to the backfiles of Science and Scientific Monthly has been greatly expanded through the availability of the JSTOR Health & General Sciences collection at over 1,000 institutions as well as at 600 other organizations through our special programs providing the full JSTOR archive to secondary schools, public libraries, museums and institutions in developing nations. Libraries have also had the opportunity to repurpose shelf space and lower costs associated with long-term storage and access to these older materials.While JSTOR is disappointed with the AAAS’s decision, we anticipated that there might someday be publishers that would choose to end their participation in JSTOR. JSTOR is an archive, and its publisher license agreements reflect this fact. As an archive, JSTOR’s role is to provide a reliable, accessible, digital collection to library participants and their users over time. For those institutions that have access to Science and Scientific Monthly through JSTOR when this decision takes effect, JSTOR will continue to provide an accessible and useful archive of the preserved AAAS material in perpetuity. This ongoing right is part of all of our publisher agreements.

I want to call your attention to several key details.

For institutions that have access to Science and Scientific Monthly through JSTOR prior to December 31, 2007 (including those institutions that elect to participate in the Health & General Sciences collection or join our secondary schools, developing nations, and other special programs between now and then):

  • No content will be removed from the archive. JSTOR will continue to preserve Science from 1880 to 2002, as well as Scientific Monthly, which was published from 1915 to 1957.
  • The Moving Wall will become fixed. With the addition of the 2002 issues in early 2008, JSTOR will cease to digitize and archive any further issues of Science.
  • Access will continue. JSTOR will continue to provide access to Science from 1880 to 2002, as well as to all issues of Scientific Monthly. This includes supporting persistent links to articles in Science and Scientific Monthly from online resources and web pages. As is the case today, links need to be made directly to JSTOR or through link resolvers. Please note that Science and Scientific Monthly (as part of JSTOR) are not currently indexed by search engines such as Google.
  • Differences between blogs and journals?

    blogs and blogging No Comments

    CogSci Librarian Stephanie Willen Brown raises interesting questions in “Blog- Or Print Publishing?” Her key questions are:

    What I wonder is … does it matter that librarians are writing more on blogs than in print? That by the time our ideas are in print, they are almost old news? Who is the audience for print library literature, anyway? Is it those of us in the biblioblogosphere? Is it those of us who want more detail than our old eyes can read online? Is it those of us who don't read library blogs but need (arguably) to keep up with what the young'uns (and I mean young-at-heart, creative, if you will, rather than age-young) are thinking and doing?

    I imagine that the readership profiles are very similar for blogs and for the “print” literature, much of which is available online–at least for subscribers. Readers of blogs probably also read journals and readers of journals probably also read blogs. Rather than a question of print vs. blog, I think it is a question of edited and distributed by a third party compared to (not versus) the self published. Edited publications have a gatekeeper, either an editor or an editorial board and referees, and the gatekeeper decides what gets published. Bloggers themselves make those decisions about their own work. Either way, quality varies!

    One difference is longevity. The tried-and-true print journal is archived by and in libraries. We don't yet have that sort of dependable system for archiving e-journals. However Portico and LOCKKS are addressing this problem. We do not yet, however, have the large scale system for preserving e-journals, blogs, and other born digital works equivalent to the widely distributed system we have for archiving print journals. Until we do, perhaps we should hope that authors who produce works that will stand the test of time will submit those to journals, especially those that still produce a print edition, and that their work will be published there. It may, of course, be hubris for an author to assume higher work should enjoy that sot of longevity. The print journals has shown considerable staying power, although that is waning in favor of electronic journals.

    Will the journal, as has many have predicted, disaggregate and lose the value of journal title as brand and implicit indicator of authority? If so, the differences between blog posts and journal articles will diminish, with the role of the editor continuing to distinguish one from the other.

    P.S.: Stephanie, I had to do some digging to find the line you attributed to me in your July 17, 2007 post. I finally found it on my laptop in my notes for my opening statement at the Candidates' Forum during the ALA Midwinter Meeting in Seattle. My notes include: “Today some librarians publish in blogs rather journals, create communities of interest on Yahoo, and produce specialized conferences on the Web.” I know that If you heard me at any of the 40 groups I visited during Midwinter, you may have heard me say it then. So, maybe I am the one who should be humbled when I “try to help patrons who don't remember where / when they read something.”

    Family matters

    personal No Comments

    Family matters sometimes matter to the virtual exclusion of other matters.

    I did not post anything here between late May and July 10. The last post in May discussed the RIAA's use of colleges and universities as their copyright enforcers. I wrote that post in a hospital room as my wife slept after being admitted in the early afternoon. More than ever she needed an advocate as I witnessed errors by the nursing staff, errors with her and also with another patient. These things mattered a great deal. Dealing with bureaucratic bungling kept me at the hospital till midnight one night; I was unwilling to leave until I knew the staff had corrected the problem. Family mattered a great deal for the nine days she was in the hospital.

    Eight days after coming home, she was back in the hospital. Two days later she had some serious surgery, an option that had been held as a last resort since mid-March. Family mattered then, too. Our son and his girlfriend were with my wife and me when she went into surgery and when she came out of recovery. We are very optimistic, even on the brink of being confident, that she has finally turned the corner in this long illness that has sapped her of her strength, necessitated daily injections, and been very scary at times. Family mattered five days after she had surgery and our older daughter came to care for her mother. We had we made plans weeks earlier for her to be with her mom for a week so I could go to the American Library Association conference in Washington. Little did we know that part of that time she would be attending her mother in the hospital once again.

    My wife's short-term recovery from the surgery was unexpectedly and blessedly swift, a real turning point. Family mattered the next week when she and our daughter joined me in Washington for a day just so they could come to the ALA inaugural banquet. She rallied her strength and walked in at my side when I was introduced as president-elect. I am sure that more than half of the applause that greeted us was for her.

    I have been very touched by the concern that many of my colleagues have expressed for my wife's health in recent months. I don't accept family as a suitable metaphor for the members of any institution or organization other than a family. Family matters too much to dilute it in that way. But the applause in Washington that night demonstrated what I have long known–that colleagues matter, too. Thank you, colleagues near and far, for your support for my family! It has mattered and meant a lot to us.

    Technology–great when it works

    information technology No Comments

    I have my laptop back!

    Actually, I have my hard drive back in my laptop. From July 3 through late yesterday I had a loaner hard drive. On July 3 my laptop repeatedly froze as soon as I entered my password. The university Help Desk staff worked on it all day. They replaced the BIOS. They ran diagnostic and repair utilities. A dedicated technician stayed late with me to isolate the problem. By swapping hard drives between two identical machines we were able to conclude that the problem wasn't in my laptop hardware but in one of the many drivers and applications that launch at start-up. He was able to move the files I most needed to my network storage, install the other machine's hard drive in my laptop, and move those most needed files to that drive. I had to use the less-than-friendly Outlook Web interface and I discovered just how much I depend upon customized tool bars, shortcuts, and my Merriam-Websters 11th Collegiate Dictionary. It was a very tedious process for a technician to identify the offending software and delete it from start-up.

    My hard drive is back and I once again have access to the software I need to post to Twilight Librarian.

    P2P, the RIAA, the studios, and the universities

    information technology No Comments

    Last week I participated in Copyright Utopia: Alternative Visions, Methods, and Policies, the annual copyright conference produced by the University of Maryland's Center for Intellectual Property. The lunch speaker was the College Park campus's chancellor, Dr. William E. Kirwan. He is currently co-chair, having taken the place of Penn State's Graham Spanier, of the Joint Committee of the Higher Education and Entertainment Communities Technology Task Force–i.e., the P2P committee.

    Dr. Kirwan spoke of his concerns on this issue. One is that, because they have found willingness among universities to play a disciplinarian role, the entertainment industry has singled out this segment of Internet service providers for their campaign against illegal file sharing. Why, he asked, have they not been as aggressive in pursuing others? He also spoke of his concern that students learn about intellectual property rights and asked the conference attendees to help him find a way to do this.

    I serve as my university's registered DMCA agent. This gives me opportunities to educate students on this issue–but only one at a time and then only after the RIAA or SONY or whoever has alleged copyright infringement by a student. I believe it was last summer that I received a DVD in the mail from a group (it may have been the RIAA) with the recommendation that I use it to educate our students on this issue. I looked at it and threw it in the trash. It used scare tactics such as a student expressing regret for illegal downloading because it got him into legal trouble and his legal debts forced him to drop out of college. It also showed downloaders being led away in handcuffs! Nowhere did it mention that our copyright system is more subtle, more ambiguous, and less constricting than as presented in this video.

    I mentioned this to Dr. Kirwan and quoted Sir Philip Sidney's “An Apology for Poetry,” his famous essay published posthumously in 1595. Sidney wrote that “Poetry … is … a speaking picture, with this end: to teach and delight.” Surely this dual purpose can be imputed to the “speaking pictures” produced by movie studios and recording companies! And just as surely these entertainment industries have the resources to produce lessons about intellectual property (including fair use) that delight as much as they teach. Dr. Kirwan reported that another “educational” DVD is headed to my mailbox this summer, presumably one without images of handcuffed students.

    In other words, not only is the entertainment industry expecting universities to act as their police and disciplinarians, they also want us to be their propagandists. No matter how balanced a view of IP this new production gives (and I expect it to be one-sided), a stand-alone didactic video is not going to get the message across. The movie industry is very adept at product placement. Maybe it can devise ways to place meaningful, helpful information about copyright in their myriad productions. They certainly haven't tried. It might even improve the quality of many of their products–especially the summer blockbusters and would-be blockbusters that students heading to college in the fall will be watching.

    On recovering

    libraries in society No Comments

    I can summarize the main trends in my life the past several months quite succinctly:

    • Most of March: Spending many, many hours at my wif'e's bedside in the hospital, doing what I could to help with her care and dealing with the hospital bureaucracy on her behalf.


    • Much of April: Spending a good number of hours helping with my wif'e's care at home as her gradual post-hospitalization recovery began.


    • May: Still spending time helping my wife as she gains strength each day, but spending a lot of time catching up on work that was set aside for a month or more. I am very grateful that the University of Richmond allowed me to complete personnel reviews two weeks past the deadline.

    Not until the third week of April or so did I realize that not only does my wife have to recover from her serious illness, but I also have to recover those parts of my life that I put on hold for well over a month. Those parts include the mundane such as spring yard work. They also include reassuring, even comforting, routines such as cooking a dinner rather than benefiting from the incredible generosity of friends and neighbors that has filled a freezer with more meals than we have been able to eat. A steady stream of family members who have come to assist have provided me with welcome opportunities to put together Sunday feasts. And the suspended parts of my life include the professional–such as keeping with my routine of recent years of participating in ALA's annual Legislative Day. And such as participating in the annual copyright issues conference sponsored by the Center for Intellectual Property of the University of Maryland's University College.


    Future steps in recovering those parts of my life that I am not yet able to juggle? Keeping up with my Bloglines alerts, posting more here, antebellum courses up for the next year to serve ALA members as their vice-president/president-elect elect.

    125 vote margin

    libraries in society No Comments

    Yesterday ALA announced its 2007 election results. By a margin of 125 votes I was elected vice-president/president-elect. Thank you to the 7,033 ALA members who expressed their confidence in my with their votes–especially the last 125 who voted for me!

    At first I was a bit stunned by the news, but it is now sinking in. This is a once in a lifetime opportunity! It will also be a great responsibility to represent ALA’s 62,000+ personal members and to be the association’s principal spokesperson. Fortunately I have wonderful models in our current and past presidents.

    There was something special in learning the election results just a few blocks from the US Capitol while in Washington, DC, for yesterday’s legislative briefings in preparation for today’s annual ALA Legislative Day lobbying. Democracy is one of ALA’s strengths and our larger democracy is a reason libraries, library workers, and ALA are very important to our society.

    Polls are closed, now the counting

    American Library Association No Comments

    Last night at 11:59 pm central daylight time the ALA polls closed. Now it is time to count the votes. On May 1 the ALA Election Committee will meet in Chicago and certify the results. Later that day ALA will make the results public. Watch the ALA Web site for the announcement.

    I want to thank all ALA members who participated in this year's election. On April 23 Mary Ghikas, ALA's Senior Associate Executive Director, reported the following:

    As of 2:58 pm 4/23/07
    Total Voted 14,449 (25.91%)
    That breaks down to 12,819 web ballots and 1,630 paper ballots

    Compared to 4/23/06
    Total Voted 13,992 (23.80%)
    That breaks down to 12,046 web ballots and 1,956 paper ballots

    The increase in participation, even though it is an increase of only 2.11%, is heartening. The more members who participate in our democratic process, the better! Again, I offer my thanks to every ALA member who voted in the election and I doubly thank all who voted for me for vice-president/president elect! Not until today did it occur to me that I might live a Chicago native's fantasy–to win an election in a Chicago-based organization…and an honest one at that!

    Rumors, family illness, and my ALA presidential candidacy

    American Library Association No Comments

    When I launched Twilight Librarian in July 2006 I wrote in my initial post:

    …I will share thoughts and ideas about professional issues and concerns…So you won't learn what I have eaten on a given day; our three children almost certainly don't want their lives discussed…my wife is a very private person and likes it that way; and you won't read about what kept me awake during a recent night unless it relates somehow to my professional concerns.

    In this post I am making an exception. Twilight Librarian has seen very little activity in the past month. That is because I have been very busy with family responsibilities. On March 7 my wife fell ill. Within two days she was in intensive care and doctors explained that her illness was life threatening. I knew I had to ask one additional question and I was fairly certain I wouldn't receive the answer I hoped for. I asked if I needed to tell our children they should come home to see their mother. The doctors unequivocally told me I should.

    In the weeks that followed, my wife was in two hospitals, four ICUs, and eight hospital rooms. She came home April 4, four weeks to the day since she was hospitalized. Most of that time I was away from work; my main responsibility was to be her advocate with the staff of a large teaching hospital. The care she received was excellent. Nevertheless, if you are sick enough to be in a large hospital, you better have someone well enough to be with you to make sure the bureaucracy does no harm (e.g., taking 24 hours to carry out a doctors order for change of diet) and to do simple care tasks (e.g., getting ice water, untangling an IV tube and resetting its relentlessly beeping pump). Nurses and their assistants can do these things, but not with the promptness a patient wants and appreciates. And being there when the doctors do their rounds is the best way to learn about the patient's condition and the medical team's thinking about their care plan. Thus have I spent most of the past month. I am now putting together a schedule of family and friends who can be with her at home during the day. I need to get back to my job. She will recover fully, but it will take time. A four-week hospital stay weakens any patient.

    Rumor Control
    I have heard that there are rumors that:

    • I have withdrawn from the American Library Association presidential race
    • If I am elected my wife's illness will prevent me from accepting the office
    • If I am elected I will accept the office but that my wife's illness will prevent me from carrying out my duties as vice-president/president-elect and, the following year, as president

    All of these rumors are false. Her doctors say she will return to the energy level, good health, and range of activities she enjoyed before this sudden acute illness befell her. It may take two months for her to regain all of that, but regain it she will. Nobody has been more constant than my wife in supporting my ALA candidacy. She would not approve of my sacrificing a long-term opportunity because of her short-term condition.

    Were my wife's illness chronic, then I would have had to determine whether or not my responsibilities to her would prevent me from carrying out my ALA responsibilities. Had I determined that meeting her care needs would preclude my meeting my ALA responsibilities, then I would have terminated my candidacy. I care too much about ALA to do otherwise.

    I remain a candidate in the ALA presidential election. I am committed to the race. If you have not voted yet, I ask for your vote.

    Because of my family responsibilities I have had to cancel planned campaign trips to several state and regional library association meetings. I would have enjoyed meeting in person ALA members and other library workers at those conferences. Because our older daughter and my wife's sister were with my wife, I was able to participate in the ACRL National conference in Baltimore last weekend. The program I planned on the future of reference drew a standing-room-only crowd in a room set up for 570. It was good to interact with colleagues and share ideas, just as it will be good to do while serving ALAs members as their vice president and president.

    I am grateful to my many colleagues who have expressed their concern for my wife and family. You have reminded me what a close-knit community the library world is and how deeply the care and commitment we have to those we serve in our libraries extends to those we serve with. My wife looks forward to meeting many of you in Washington in June. I am profoundly grateful that she will be there with me.

    On narrative

    libraries in society No Comments

    I have spent a large part of each of the past 17 days, two in a community hospital, and the rest in a major teaching hospital dealing with the bureaucracy and assisting with the care of a family member with a very serious illness that had a very sudden onset. I or another member of the family has taken responsibility each evening to call and email others in the family to update them. The emails, reflecting their authors' individual styles, each tell a story about one day in the patients' and family members' lives.

    In this cell phone age, while sitting in waiting rooms, especially on a floor housing five specialized intensive care units, one inevitably overhears others' narratives about their patients and families. Hearing heart wrenching stories about multiple injuries to victims of horrific automobile accidents or about a father and grandfather who has been taken off of life support after being declared brain dead provides no solace, even though one's own family member is not in as serious a condition. Overhead narratives about injury and illness can, of course, engender empathy between strangers. But those strangers are not family.

    Narratives shared within a family, however, engender unity and add to familial shared experience. It doesn't matter what those narratives relate–the story of a life-threatening illness, of an embarrassing moment that one would like forgotten but others will never forget, of the joy of a wedding or a birth. These family narratives create the shared story and experience of related individuals, even of those who did not experience an event first-hand but learn it through repeated tellings and the embellishments they acquire. Art is essential to life, for without the art of narrative, we would have difficulty making sense of our shared lives.

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